How Did Marsy's Law Read on Ballot
| Georgia Amendment 4 | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Election date Nov 6, 2018 | |
| Topic Police force enforcement | |
Status  a Approved | |
| Type Constitutional amendment | Origin Land legislature |
| | |
| | |
Georgia Amendment 4, the Marsy's Law Offense Victim Rights Subpoena, was on the election in Georgia as a legislatively referred ramble subpoena on November 6, 2018. It was canonical.
| A "aye" vote supported this measure to add specific rights of crime victims, together known equally a Marsy'south Police force, to the Georgia Constitution. |
| A "no" vote opposed this measure to add together specific rights of crime victims, together known as a Marsy's Law, to the Georgia Constitution. |
Ballot results
| Georgia Amendment 4 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Result | Votes | Percent | ||
| | 3,068,352 | 80.93% | ||
| No | 723,220 | 19.07% | ||
-
- Results are officially certified.
- Source
Overview
What inverse under the Georgia Marsy's Police force Amendment?
Amendment 4 was designed to add together a Paragraph Thirty, a variation of a Marsy's Law, to Section 1 of Article I of the Georgia Constitution.[2] The paragraph was written to, upon asking, provide criminal offense victims with specific rights, including the right to be treated with fairness, dignity, and respect; the correct to notice of all proceedings involving the alleged criminal; the right to be heard at whatsoever proceedings involving that release, plea, or sentencing of the defendant; and the right to be informed of their rights. The amendment as well explicitly stated that the legislature was able to further define, expand, and provide for the enforcement of the rights. The amendment too contained provisions preventing its use to justify a legal action confronting the state or any state officials, a challenge to a verdict or sentence in a criminal case, an appeal of any criminal court decision or proceeding, and the power to exist a political party in any criminal proceeding beyond what was explicitly allowed by the amendment.[3]
The implementing legislation for the subpoena was Senate Bill 127, a companion bill to the proposed constitutional subpoena that outlines specific details in the Official Code of Georgia Annotated. The bill concerned the rights of a criminal offense victim to file a motion in a criminal case to assert certain rights.[4]
Criminal offense Victims Rights in Georgia
Going into the ballot, Georgia had a Crime Victims Bill of Rights which provided victims of certain crimes specific rights. The Crime Victims Bill of Rights was non in the Georgia Constitution simply rather existed every bit a country statute. The Crime Victims Bill of Rights applied to victims of crimes including homicide, attack, kidnapping, sexual offenses, stalking, and fraud.[five]
The Status of Marsy's Police force in the United States
Henry Nicholas, founder of Marsy'south Police for All, funded this effort. Marsy's Law was named after Henry Nicholas's sister, Marsy Nicholas, who was murdered past her ex-beau in 1983. Henry Nicholas was backside legislative proposals for the police in Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Nevada, and other states. Going into the election, he had spent spent at to the lowest degree $27 million on support campaigns for the previous Marsy'south Police force measures that were on ballots in half-dozen states. Going into the ballot, 5 states featured a Marsy'due south Law constitutional subpoena—California, Ohio, Illinois, North Dakota, and South Dakota. Montana passed Marsy'south Law, but it was after overturned. Nevada, Florida, Oklahoma, Kentucky, Georgia, and North Carolina likewise voted on Marsy'south Law in 2018. Voters approved all vi 2018 measures, but an initial court ruling before the election invalidated the Kentucky measure, and, ultimately, the Kentucky Supreme Court invalidated the measure.
Who supported and opposed this mensurate?
Ballotpedia identified i committee—Marsy'southward Law for Georgia LLC—registered to support this amendment. The commission, which is chaired by Henry Nicholas, was registered on Apr 5, 2018. The committee raised $eight.73 million and spent $eight.67 1000000. Two donors provided 100 percent of the contributions— Marsy'south Police For All gave $viii.38 one thousand thousand and Henry Nicholas gave $350,000.
Ballotpedia did not identify any committees registered in opposition to the measure.
Text of measure out
Ballot title
The ballot title for Amendment iv:[three]
| " | Shall the Constitution of Georgia be amended so every bit to provide certain rights to victims against whom a crime has allegedly been perpetrated and allow victims to assert such rights?[6] | " |
Ballot summary
The ballot summary for Amendment 4 was as follows:[7]
| " | This proposal recognizes certain rights of victims against whom a crime has been perpetrated and provides for the enforcement of such rights. Information technology amends Article one, Section I of the Georgia Constitution by adding a new Paragraph XXX. A copy of this entire proposed constitutional amendment is on file in the role of the guess of the probate court and is bachelor for public inspection.[6] | " |
Ramble changes
-
- See also: Department 1, Article I, Georgia Constitution
Amendment four was written to add a Paragraph XXX to Section 1 of Article I of the Georgia Constitution. The following was added:[3] Annotation: Utilise your mouse to whorl over the beneath text to see the full text.
| Paragraph XXX. Rights of certain individuals. Paragraph Thirty. Rights of certain individuals. (a) For the purpose of this Paragraph, a victim shall exist considered an individual confronting whom a crime has allegedly been perpetrated, including crimes alleged equally runaway acts. Such victims shall be accorded the utmost dignity and respect and shall be treated fairly by the criminal justice organization of this state and all agencies and departments that serve such system. When the crime is 1 against or involving the person of the victim or is a felony property crime, such victim shall be afforded the following specific rights: (1) The right upon request to reasonable, accurate, and timely notice of any scheduled court proceedings involving the declared act or changes to the scheduling of such proceedings; (ii) The right upon request to reasonable, accurate, and timely find of the arrest, release, or escape of the defendant; (iii) The right not to be excluded from whatsoever scheduled courtroom proceedings involving the alleged deed; (4) The right upon request to exist heard at whatever scheduled court proceedings involving the release, plea, or sentencing of the accused; and (5) The right to exist informed of his or her rights. (b) A victim described in subparagraph (a) of this Paragraph shall have the right to affirm the rights enumerated in subparagraph (a) of this Paragraph. The General Assembly shall provide by general law the process whereby such victim may assert the rights provided by subparagraph (a) of this Paragraph by motion within the aforementioned criminal or malversation proceeding giving rise to such rights. At the hearing on such motion, such victim may be represented past an attorney, but neither the state nor any of its political subdivisions shall exist obligated to engage an attorney to represent him or her. The General Assembly shall provide by general police the process whereby a family member, guardian, or legal custodian of a victim when he or she is a small-scale, legally incapacitated, or deceased may assert the rights of such victim. (c) This Paragraph shall not: (1) Create whatsoever cause of action against the State of Georgia; whatever political subdivision of the Land of Georgia; whatsoever officeholder, employee, or amanuensis of the Land of Georgia or of whatever of its political subdivisions; or any officer or employee of the courtroom; (2) Confer upon whatever victim the correct to:
(3) Restrict the authority of the General Associates, by full general police, to farther define or expand upon the rights provided in this Paragraph or to regulate the reasonable exercise thereof; or (4) Restrict the inherent dominance of the courts to maintain order in the court.[6] |
Readability score
-
- See also: Election measure readability scores, 2018
The FKGL for the ballot championship is form level xvi, and the FRE is 35. The word count for the election title is 30, and the estimated reading fourth dimension is 8 seconds. The FKGL for the ballot summary is form level 13, and the FRE is 42. The give-and-take count for the ballot summary is 64, and the estimated reading fourth dimension is 17 seconds.
In 2018, for the 167 statewide measures on the ballot, the average election title or question was written at a level appropriate for those with betwixt nineteen and 20 years of U.Southward. formal education (graduate school-level of instruction), co-ordinate to the FKGL formula. Read Ballotpedia's entire 2018 ballot language readability report here.
Support
Marsy'south Law for Georgia led the campaign in support of Amendment 4.[8]
Supporters
The following organizations endorsed Marsy's Law for Georgia or have otherwise indicated support for Amendment 4:[eight] [nine]
Officials
- U.S. Sen. David Perdue (R)
- U.S. Sen. Johnny Isakson (R)
- U.S. Rep. John Lewis (D)
- U.Southward. Rep. Tom Graves (R)
- U.S. Rep. Rob Woodall (R)
- U.S. Rep. Doug Collins (R)
- U.S. Rep. Earl "Buddy" Carter (R)
- U.S. Rep. Drew Ferguson]] (R)
Organizations
- The Withal Continuing Foundation
- Fellowship Community Outreach
- Childhood Domestic Violence Association of Georgia
- Classy Living Society, LLC
- National Taskforce Against Domestic Violence
- National Council on Family and Domestic Violence
- Crime Victims Advancement Council
- Scars of Survival
- Georgia Latinos Confronting Domestic Violence
- Oasis of Calorie-free, For Our Daughters Foundation
- R.I.S.E.
- Precious Petals Foundation by Bev Gilliard
- Watanabe F. Cody Foundation
- Sisters in Accuse Women Empowerment
- Talking with Vos
- Sigma Tau Sigma
- The Stone Mount - Lithonia Alumnae Chapter Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc
- Upsilon Blastoff Omega Chapter of Alpha Kappa Blastoff Sorority, Incorporated
- The Pitch Black Fashion Bear witness
- Mama's House
- Permit Your Voice Be Heard
- L4B and Afterwards Foundation & Female parent'southward of Murdered Sons Savannah
- New Birth Missionary Baptist Church building
- Vocalisation Today
- Georgia Hispanic Chamber of Commerce
- Beverly Cunningham Foundation
- VOCAL (Victims of Offense and Leniency), Columbus, Georgia Chapter
Arguments
- South Georgia Judicial Circuit District Attorney, Joe Mulholland, said "It'due south already technically office of Georgia constabulary, but the legislature felt like being a role of the constitution is fifty-fifty stronger. Having that and knowing its part of the constitution, I remember it gives peace of mind to prosecutors."[x]
- U.Southward. Rep. John Lewis (D), said, "When someone becomes a crime victim, it can make them feel alone and afraid. We accept a responsibility to exercise everything in our power to return to them a sense of rubber, security, and community. That is why I am supporting Marsy's Constabulary."[9]
- U.S. Rep. Tom Graves (R), said, "The people accused and convicted of crimes have strong constitutional rights, and victims should take equal rights, no more, no less. In November, I'yard voting aye on Marsy's for Police for Georgia, and I encourage Georgians in the 14th Congressional District to vote yep on Amendment 4. When I was a fellow member of the country House, I voted to put a Victims' Bill of Rights in state law. Marsy'south Police force builds on the progress of that law past giving victims the standing to fight dorsum if their rights are violated."[9]
Campaign advertisements
The following video was released by Marsy'southward Law for All:
| Marsy's Law for All, "Why Should Voters Support Marsy'south Police force?" |
Opposition
Arguments
The Georgia Public Policy Foundation, in a report titled "Marsy's Law of Unintended Consequences" notes the following potential consequences of adopting Marsy's Police force in Georgia:[11]
- The price of more than attorneys and support staff for victims and of detaining more people accused of crimes
- The risk of infringing the rights of someone accused of a criminal offence
- Accusations could be falsified by purported victims
- The accused could lose their right to be presumed innocent until convicted
The Georgia Public Policy Foundation also says that "Part of being smart on crime is realizing that while law enforcement and its agencies fall brusque in some areas of the victim rights' statute, that should exist resolved with a targeted legislative remedy, not a constitutional amendment that quite mayhap could undo years of progress."[12]
Campaign finance
-
- See likewise: Campaign finance requirements for Georgia ballot measures
| Total entrada contributions: | |
| Support: | $8,730,000.00 |
| Opposition: | $0.00 |
Ballotpedia identified ane committee—Marsy'southward Law for Georgia LLC—registered to support this amendment. The commission, which is chaired past Henry Nicholas, was registered on April 5, 2018. The committee raised $eight.73 million and spent $8.67 1000000. 2 donors provided 100 percent of the contributions— Marsy'south Law For All gave $eight.38 one thousand thousand and Henry Nicholas gave $350,000.[13]
Ballotpedia did not identify whatsoever committees registered in opposition to the measure.[14]
Back up
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||
Top donors
| Donor | Greenbacks | In-kind | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Marsy'due south Law For All | $eight,380,000.00 | $0.00 | $8,380,000.00 |
| Henry Nicholas | $350,000.00 | $0.00 | $350,000.00 |
Opposition
Ballotpedia did not identify any committees registered in opposition to the measure.[xiv]
Methodology
To read Ballotpedia'southward methodology for covering ballot measure campaign finance information, click here.
Background
Marsy'south Law
-
- Come across besides: Marsy'due south Police crime victim rights
Marsy'southward Law is a blazon of law-breaking victims' rights legislation. Henry Nicholas, the co-founder of Broadcom Corp., started candidature for Marsy'southward Law to increase the rights and privileges of victims in country constitutions. Marsy's Law is named after Nicholas' sis, Marsy Nicholas, who was murdered in 1983.
Henry Nicholas was the sponsor of the get-go Marsy'due south Police, which was on the ballot in California as Proposition ix in 2008. He formed the national organization, Marsy'due south Law for All, in 2009.[fifteen] [xvi]
Ballotpedia identified $113.2 meg in total contributions to the back up campaigns for the fourteen Marsy's Law ballot measures. Henry Nicholas and the arrangement Marsy'southward Law for All provided 91 percent—nigh 103.ii million—of the total contributions.
The following map shows the status of Marsy's Law ballot measures across the states:
California Proposition 9
Californians voted on Suggestion 9 in 2008, which was the kickoff ballot measure out known as Marsy's Law. Suggestion 9 required that victims and their families exist notified during all aspects of the justice procedure, including bail, sentencing, and parole; and that authorities take a victim'south prophylactic into business organization when assigning bail or conducting a parole review. Along with Henry Nicholas, Suggestion 9 received support from Criminal offense Victims United of California and the California Correctional Peace Officers Association. Proposition 9 faced opposition from the California Teachers Association, SEIU California State Council, California Democratic Party, and California Federation of Teachers. Proposition 9 passed with nigh 54 per centum of the vote and became a model for several subsequent Marsy's Law ballot measures beyond the United states of america.
Marsy'due south Police ballot measures
The first state to vote on Marsy's Law after California was Illinois in 2014. The constitutional amendment received 72.3 pct of the vote in Illinois.
Marsy'due south Law for All organized campaigns for ballot initiatives in three states in 2016—Montana, N Dakota, and South Dakota. Voters in each land canonical the ballot initiative. Montana's Marsy's Police force was ruled unconstitutional in 2017 considering the ballot initiative, according to the court, violated the state'southward dissever-vote requirement for constitutional amendments.[17] In June 2018, the South Dakota Legislature asked voters to ameliorate Marsy'south Police force via Subpoena Y. Amendment Y, which was canonical, was defined to narrow the definition of crime victim and require victims to opt-in to Marsy'south Police's protections, rather than making those protections automatic. [xviii]
In 2017, Marsy's Law was on the ballot in Ohio equally Result 1 and received 82.6 pct of the vote.[19]
The number of Marsy's Constabulary amendments in state constitutions doubled in 2018 from six to 12. Us that voted on Marsy's Police in 2018 were Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Nevada, Northward Carolina, and Oklahoma. Kentucky'due south Marsy'south Law was ruled invalid in June 2019 because the language for the ballot mensurate, according to the court, did not meet constitutional requirements.[20]
The Pennsylvania General Assembly referred Marsy's Law to the election for the ballot on November 5, 2019. The Wisconsin State Legislature referred Marsy'south Law to the ballot for the election on Apr seven, 2020.
The following table describes the outcome of votes on Marsy's Law ballot measures:
| State | Measure | Year | Percent "Yep" | Percent "No" | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| California | Proposition 9 | 2008 | 53.84% | 46.16% | Canonical |
| Illinois | Subpoena | 2014 | 78.45%[21] | 21.55%[21] | Approved |
| Montana | Initiative 116 | 2016 | 66.09% | 33.91% | Approved (Overturned) |
| North Dakota | Measure 3 | 2016 | 62.03% | 37.97% | Approved |
| South Dakota | Subpoena South | 2016 | 59.61% | 40.39% | Approved (Amended) |
| Ohio | Result one | 2017 | 82.59% | 17.41% | Canonical |
| Florida | Amendment half dozen | 2018 | 61.61% | 38.39% | Approved |
| Georgia | Amendment 4 | 2018 | lxxx.93% | 19.07% | Canonical |
| Kentucky | Amendment | 2018 | 62.81% | 37.19% | Canonical (Overturned) |
| Nevada | Question 1 | 2018 | 61.19% | 38.81% | Canonical |
| North Carolina | Amendment | 2018 | 62.thirteen% | 37.87% | Approved |
| Oklahoma | State Question 794 | 2018 | 78.01% | 21.99% | Approved |
| Average | 66.44% | 33.56% |
Georgia Crime Victims Bill of Rights
Georgia has a Crime Victims Bill of Rights as a state statute which affords some rights for crime victims. The rights victims are afforded include:[22]
- The correct to reasonable, authentic, and timely find of any scheduled court proceedings or any changes to such proceedings;
- The right to reasonable, accurate, and timely notice of the arrest, release, or escape of the accused;
- The right not to be excluded from any scheduled court proceedings, except as provided by police force;
- The right to be heard at any scheduled court proceedings involving the release, plea, or sentencing of the accused;
- The right to file a written objection in any parole proceedings involving the accused;
- The right to confer with the prosecuting attorney in whatever criminal prosecution related to the victim;
- The right to restitution equally provided past constabulary;
- The right to proceedings complimentary from unreasonable delay; and
- The right to be treated fairly and with dignity by all criminal justice agencies involved in the case.
Implementing legislation
The implementing legislation for the subpoena is Senate Nib 127, a companion pecker to the proposed constitutional subpoena that outlines specific details in the Official Code of Georgia Annotated regarding the rights of a crime victim to file a movement in a criminal example to assert certain rights.[4]
SB 127 was designed to allow a victim to make a written asking to the prosecuting attorney to be notified of all proceedings of the instance. If a victim makes such a request simply was non notified of proceedings, he or she could file a motility requesting to exist heard on the matter. Filing such a written request would be the only means of asserting and raising the rights provided under the constitutional amendment. The total text of SB 127 can be read here.[23]
SB 127 was passed in the Senate by a vote of 54-0, with ii not voting, on March 29, 2018. Information technology passed in the House with amendments by a vote of 170-0, with four not voting and 6 excused, on March 27, 2018. The Senate adopted the House'southward amendments and passed the pecker on March 29, 2018, by a vote of 54-0, with ii non voting. The legislation was signed past Governor Deal on May 8, 2018, and was contingent on voter approval of the constitutional amendment on November 6, 2018.[4]
Path to the ballot
-
- Come across also: Amending the Georgia Constitution
In Georgia, a ramble amendment must be passed by a two-thirds vote in each house of the land legislature.
On February ane, 2017, the subpoena was introduced into the legislature every bit Senate Resolution 146. On March 3, 2017, the Senate approved an initial version of this amendment fifty to 4, with one member excused. On March 27, 2018, the country Business firm amended the proposal through a substitute and approved it unanimously. The substitute added provisions requiring victims to opt in to many of the rights provided, added explicit restrictions on actions allowed by the amendment—for instance, that the amendment could not exist used to justify a claiming to a verdict or sentence in a criminal case—and explicitly allowed the legislature to provide past law for the farther define, expand, or provide for the enforcement of the rights. On March 29, 2018, the Senate voted unanimously to concur with the House changes.[3]
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
How to cast a vote
-
- See also: Voting in Georgia
Poll times
In Georgia, polls are open from vii a.m. until 7 p.yard. Eastern Fourth dimension. An private who is in line at the fourth dimension polls close must be allowed to vote.[24]
Registration requirements
To vote in Georgia, one must be a citizen of the United States and a legal resident of his or her county. The voter must be at to the lowest degree 17.v years of age at the fourth dimension of registration and 18 at the time of the ballot.[25]
Registration must exist completed at to the lowest degree 28 days prior to the election. Registration tin be completed online or by submitting a paper grade.[25]
Automatic registration
In Georgia, eligible voters are automatically registered to vote when they conduct transactions at the Department of Driver Services. This automatic registration program began in 2016.[26] [27]
Online registration
-
- Meet as well: Online voter registration
Georgia has implemented an online voter registration system. Residents tin can annals to vote by visiting this website.
Same-day registration
Georgia does non allow aforementioned-twenty-four hour period voter registration.
Residency requirements
To register to vote in Georgia, you must be a resident of the state. State law does non specify a length of time for which you must take been a resident to be eligible.
Verification of citizenship
-
- See likewise: Laws permitting noncitizens to vote in the United States
A Georgia state police force, passed in 2009, required voters to provide proof of U.S. citizenship when registering to vote. However, as of March 2019, the constabulary had not been implemented.[28] [29] [30]
In 2013, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that states cannot crave proof of citizenship with federal registration forms. That meant states would need to create a separate registration system for state elections in gild to require proof of citizenship.[thirty]
Verifying your registration
The site My Voter Page, run by the Georgia Secretary of State'southward office, allows residents to check their voter registration condition online.
Voter ID requirements
Georgia requires voters to present photograph identification while voting.[31]
The following list of accepted identification was current as of April 2021. Click here the near current information, sourced straight from the Office of the Georgia Secretary of State.
| " |
| " |
A voter can obtain a gratis identification carte from any canton registrar or DDS function. The voter must provide the post-obit in order to receive the card:[31]
| " |
| " |
A voter is not required to provide identification when voting absentee/past mail.[31]
Early voting
Georgia permits early on voting. Learn more by visiting this website.
Absentee voting
See also
- 2018 ballot measures
- Georgia 2018 ballot measures
- Georgia Legislature
- Law enforcement on the ballot
External links
- Georgia Senate Resolution 146
- 2018 Proposed Constitutional Amendments and Statewide Plebiscite Questions
Footnotes
- ↑ one.0 i.1 The registration borderline was extended to Oct 16, 2018, in Clay, Grady, Randolph, and Turner counties by executive guild of Gov. Nathan Deal in response to Hurricane Michael.
- ↑ 11 Live, "State senate passes crime victims' rights bill," March 4, 2017
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.two 3.iii Georgia Legislature, "Senate Resolution 146," accessed March four, 2017
- ↑ four.0 4.1 4.2 Georgia Legislature, "Senate Nib 127," accessed May 12, 2018
- ↑ Prosecuting Attorneys' Council of Georgia, "Crime Victims Bill of Rights," accessed April seven, 2018
- ↑ 6.0 6.i half-dozen.two 6.iii half-dozen.iv Note: This text is quoted verbatim from the original source. Any inconsistencies are attributable to the original source. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "quotedisclaimer" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid<ref>tag; name "quotedisclaimer" divers multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid<ref>tag; name "quotedisclaimer" defined multiple times with unlike content - ↑ Georgia Secretary of State, "Proposed Constitutional Amendments and State-Wide Referendum Questions General Election November 6, 2018," accessed September 12, 2018
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Marsy's Constabulary for Georgia, "Nigh," accessed April 6, 2018
- ↑ ix.0 9.1 9.ii All on Georgia, "Marsy'due south Police force for Georgia – Amendment 4 – Gets Congressional Endorsements," accessed October 31, 2018
- ↑ The Postal service Searchlight, "Constabulary to give crime victims rights on ballot this Nov," accessed April xv, 2018
- ↑ Georgia Public Policy Foundation, "Marsy'southward Police force of Unintended Consequences," accessed Apr 6, 2018
- ↑ Georgia Public Policy Foundation, "Marsy's Law of Unintended Consequences," accessed April half dozen, 2018
- ↑ Georgia Regime Transparency and Entrada Finance Commission, "Marsy'due south Law for Georgia LLC," accessed January 8, 2019
- ↑ xiv.0 fourteen.ane Georgia Authorities Transparency and Campaign Finance Committee, "Campaign finance reporting system," accessed January viii, 2019
- ↑ The Dickinson Press, "California homo donates $1M to Due north.D. Marsy's Constabulary supporters; 44,000 signatures submitted to become measure on ballot," May ten, 2016
- ↑ The Washington Times, "North Dakota opponents to speak out against Marsy's Constabulary," June 23, 2016
- ↑ Montana Supreme Courtroom, "Opinion and Gild," November 1, 2017
- ↑ Argus Leader, "What's at pale equally voters again consider victims' rights amendment," May 18, 2019
- ↑ Toledo Blade, "Victims' initiative passed to DeWine," January 25, 2017
- ↑ Lexington Herald Leader, "Kentucky Supreme Court strikes downwardly Marsy's Police, says ballot wording was also vague," June 13, 2020
- ↑ 21.0 21.one In Illinois, the amount of total votes in the overall election are used to determine whether a mensurate was approved or defeated. Using total votes, 72% voted 'yeah', xx% voted 'no', and 8% did not vote on the measure out. In order to compare and average results for Marsy'due south Police force across states, 'yep' and 'no' percentages were calculated using total votes on the mensurate, rather than full votes in the ballot.
- ↑ Prosecuting Attorneys' Council of Georgia, "Crime Victims Bill of Rights," accessed April 7, 2018
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedSb127 - ↑ Official Code of Georgia, "Championship 21, Chapter two, Department 403," accessed Oct 17, 2019
- ↑ 25.0 25.one Georgia Secretary of State, "Register to Vote," accessed Oct 7, 2019
- ↑ Georgia Secretary of State, "Georgia Easy Voter Registration Options Break New Records," accessed June iii, 2021
- ↑ The Atlanta Journal-Constitution, "Automatic registration leads to surge of new Georgia voters," Apr 29, 2019
- ↑ Justia U.S. Law, "Georgia Code, Department 21-two-216," accessed October 6, 2019
- ↑ AP News, "Kansas hopes to resurrect proof-of-citizenship voting police," accessed October six, 2019
- ↑ 30.0 xxx.1 Pew Trusts, "'Proof of Citizenship' Voting Laws May Surge Under Trump," November sixteen, 2017
- ↑ 31.0 31.1 31.two 31.3 31.4 Georgia Secretary of State, "Georgia Voter Identification Requirements," accessed September 29, 2019
| 2018 election measures | |
|---|---|
| I&R States | • Alaska • Arizona • Arkansas • California • Colorado • Florida • Idaho • Maine • Maryland • Massachusetts • Michigan • Missouri • Montana • Nebraska • Nevada • New United mexican states • N Dakota • Ohio • Oklahoma • Oregon • Due south Dakota • Utah • Washington |
| Non I&R States | • Alabama • Connecticut • Georgia • Hawaii • Indiana • Kentucky • Louisiana • New Hampshire • New Jersey • North Carolina • Rhode Island • South Carolina • Virginia • West Virginia • Wisconsin |
| Political topics | • Ballgame • Administration of government • Bail bug • Business organisation regulation • Campaign finance • Civil and criminal trials • Civil rights • Civil service • Constitutional conventions • Constitutional linguistic communication • Canton and municipal governance • Definition of a corporation • Directly commonwealth measures • Education • Elections and campaigns • Energy • Environs • Federal constitutional issues • Forests and parks • Gambling • Government accountability • Healthcare • Housing • Hunting and fishing • Labor and unions • Law enforcement • LGBT issues • Marijuana • Natural resource • Pension • Property • Redistricting measures • State and local government budgets, spending and finance • State executive official measures • State judiciary • State legislatures measures • Statehood • Suffrage • Supermajority requirements • Taxes • Term limits • Tobacco • Tort police • Transportation • Veterans • H2o • Welfare |
| Other | Scorecard • Petition drive deadlines and requirements • Polls • Lawsuits • Readability analysis • Signature costs • Cost per required signatures analysis • Campaign finance • Media editorial endorsements • Voter guides • Potential measures • Election Measure Monthly • Changes in 2018 to laws governing the initiative process • Not on the ballot • Filed initiatives |
 | Country of Georgia Atlanta (capital) |
|---|---|
| Elections | What'southward on my ballot? | Elections in 2022 | How to vote | How to run for office | Election measures |
| Regime | Who represents me? | U.South. President | U.S. Congress | Federal courts | State executives | State legislature | State and local courts | Counties | Cities | Schoolhouse districts | Public policy |
Source: https://ballotpedia.org/Georgia_Amendment_4,_Marsy%27s_Law_Crime_Victim_Rights_Amendment_%282018%29
0 Response to "How Did Marsy's Law Read on Ballot"
Postar um comentário